Dieting is a major industry in the modern world, thanks to the many poorly chosen foods that agriculture and dairy products have inflicted on our metabolisms, and many of the diets which attempt to cure this swarm of ills - ranging from the mildly annoying to the seriously dangerous - advocate cutting back on meats and grains, focusing on vegetables and fruits, and other dietary measures that resemble the Paleo diet. When asking what is the Paleo diet, however, it is best to bear in mind that this unique approach mimics the diet that our Paleolithic ancestors lived on for millions of years.