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muscleman-2013:
Project MKULTRA, The CIA's
Program Of Research In
Behavioral Modification
JOINT HEARING
BEFORE THE
SELECT COMMITTEE ON
INTELLIGENCE
AND THE
SUBCOMMITTEE ON
HEALTH AND SCIENTIFIC
RESEARCH
OF THE
COMMITTEE ON HUMAN
RESOURCES
UNITED STATES SENATE
NINETY-FIFTH CONGRESS
FIRST SESSION
____________
AUGUST 3, 1977
Printed for the use of the Select Committee on Intelligence
and Committee on Human Resources
 
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON: 1977
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C. 20402
Stock No. 052-070-04357-1

muscleman-2013:
Senator KENNEDY.
Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. We are
delighted to join together in this very important area of public inquiry and
public interest.
Some 2 years ago, the Senate Health Subcommittee heard chilling
testimony about the human experimentation activities of the Central
Intelligence Agency. The Deputy Director of the CIA revealed that over
30 universities and institutions were involved in an "extensive testing and
experimentation" program which included covert drug tests on unwitting
citizens "at all social levels, high and low, native Americans and foreign."
Several of these tests involved the administration of LSD to "unwitting
subjects in social situations."

At least one death, that of Dr. Olson, resulted from these activities. The
Agency itself acknowledged that these tests made little scientific sense.
The agents doing the monitoring were not qualified scientific observers.
The tests subjects were seldom accessible beyond the first hours of the
test. In a number of instances, the test subject became ill for hours or days,
and effective followup was impossible.

-3-

Other experiments were equally offensive. For example, heroin addicts
were enticed into participating in LSD experiments in order to get a
reward -- heroin.

Perhaps most disturbing of all was the fact that the extent of
experimentation on human subjects was unknown. The records of all these
activities were destroyed in January 1973, at the instruction of then CIA
Director Richard Helms. In spite of persistent inquiries by both the Health
Subcommittee and the Intelligence Committee, no additional records or
information were forthcoming. And no one -- no single individual -- could
be found who remembered the details, not the Director of the CIA, who
ordered the documents destroyed, not the official responsible for the
program, nor any of his associates.

muscleman-2013:
Senator KENNEDY.
Admiral Turner, this is an enormously distressing
report that you give to the American Congress and to the American people
today. Granted, it happened many years ago, but what we are

-16-

basically talking about is an activity which took place in the country that
involved the perversion and the corruption of many of our outstanding
research centers in this country, with CIA funds, where some of our top
researchers were unwittingly involved in research sponsored by the
Agency in which they had no knowledge of the background or the support
for.

Much of it was done with American citizens who were completely
unknowing in terms of taking various drugs, and there are perhaps any
number of Americans who are walking around today on the east coast or
west coast who were given drugs, with all the kinds of physical and
psychological damage that can be caused. We have gone over that in very
careful detail, and it is significant and severe indeed.

muscleman-2013:
Senator SCHWEIKER.

Does it concern you, Admiral, that we used a
subterfuge which resulted in the use of Federal construction grant funds to
finance facilities for these sorts of experiments on our own people?
Because as I understand what you are saying, while the CIA maybe only
put up $375,000, this triggered a response on the part of the Federal
Government to provide on a good faith basis matching hospital funds at
the same level. We put up more than $1 million of matching funds, some
based on an allegedly private donation which was really CIA money.




muscleman-2013:
Senator INOUYE.
In February 1954, and this was in the very early stages
of MKULTRA, the Director of Central Intelligence wrote to the technical
services staff officials criticizing their judgment because they had
participated in an experiment involving the administration of LSD on an
unwitting basis to Dr. Frank Olson, who later committed suicide. Now, the
individuals criticized were the same individuals who were responsible for
subproject 3, involving exactly the same practices. Even though these
individuals were clearly aware of the dangers of surreptitious
administration and had been criticized by the Director
of Central Intelligence, subproject 3 was not terminated immediately after
Dr. Olson's death.

In fact, according to documents, it continued for a number of years. Can
you provide this committee with any explanation of how such testing
could have continued under these circumstances?

Admiral TURNER.
No, sir, I really can't.

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