My list is pretty short. Well, actually it's pretty long if you consider all of the people working for the tobacco industry. . . .
Here you go:
Executive Orders
Executive orders by other administrations including Clinton's [3] and Carter's [4] authorized the Attorney General to perform warrantless searches for purposes of foreign intelligence threats. These Executive Orders were exercises of executive power under Article II consistent with FISA.
. . .
Clinton Administration
On July 14, 1994 President Clinton's Deputy Attorney General and later 9/11 Commission member Jamie Gorelick testified to the Senate Intelligence Committee that “The Department of Justice believes, and the case law supports, that the president has inherent authority to conduct warrantless physical searches for foreign intelligence purposes…and that the president may, as has been done, delegate this authority to the Attorney General.” This “inherent authority” was used to search the home of CIA spy Aldrich Ames without a warrant. "It is important to understand," Gorelick continued, "that the rules and methodology for criminal searches are inconsistent with the collection of foreign intelligence and would unduly frustrate the president in carrying out his foreign intelligence responsibilities."[9]
. . . .
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warrantless_searches_in_the_United_States
Now, I disagree with warrantless wiretaps, but there has clearly been a difference of opinion on whether they are constitutional. I don't think people who advocate warrantless wiretaps are evil. They're just wrong.
Clinton and Carter never authorized warrantless spying on americans. Never.
Here's what Clinton actually signed:
http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/eo/eo-12949.htmHere's the relevant portion: Section 1. Pursuant to section 302(a)(1) [50 U.S.C. 1822(a)] of the [Foreign Intelligence Surveillance] Act, the Attorney General is authorized to approve physical searches, without a court order, to acquire foreign intelligence information for periods of up to one year,
if the Attorney General makes the certifications required by that section.That section requires the Attorney General to certify is the search will not involve “the premises, information, material, or property of a United States person.” That means U.S. citizens or anyone inside of the United States.
http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode50/usc_sec_50_00001822----000-.htmlHere's what Carter actually signed:
http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/eo12139.htmHere's the relevant portion: 1-101. Pursuant to Section 102(a)(1) of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1802(a)), the Attorney General is authorized to approve electronic surveillance to acquire foreign intelligence information without a court order,
but only if the Attorney General makes the certifications required by that Section.What the Attorney General has to certify under that section is that the surveillance will not contain “the contents of any communication to which a United States person is a party.” So again, no U.S. persons are involved.
Source:
http://thinkprogress.org/2005/12/20/drudge-fact-checkBush ignored the FISA requirement that spying on any US citizen requires a warrant either before or w/in 3 days of the act.
Bush violated FISA. Clinton and Carter did not.