Egyptian clerics warn of 'civil war' ahead of mass protests
As Egypt approaches a weekend of confrontation, the divide between those who love and those who despise President Mohammed Morsi and his pro-Islamist government is wider than ever. NBC's Charlene Gubash reports.
By Charlene Gubash and Alastair Jamieson, NBC News
Egypt risks sliding into civil war, the country’s leading religious authority warned Friday, as the nation braced itself for mass nationwide protests.
Organizers of “June 30” demonstrations -- which mark one year since Islamist President Mohammed Morsi's election -- claim they have the backing of an estimated 15 million Egyptians who want him to resign.
“Only God knows what will happen [on Sunday],” said Gamal Abdul Aziz, a pro-Morsi car mechanic in Madba’a, a blue-collar district in Cairo.
NBC News
Gamal Abdul Aziz, left, a pro-Morsi car mechanic, argues with anti-Morsi computer science student Mohamed Abdul Munim, right, while being interviewed this week.
Building on discontent about a range of social and economic issues, Morsi’s opponents hope to force early presidential elections.
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His supporters, meanwhile, have promised they will also take to the streets to defend the Muslim Brotherhood-backed government.
“Vigilance is required to ensure we do not slide into civil war,” clerics of the Al-Azhar institute said in a statement broadly supportive of Morsi, Reuters reported.
It blamed “criminal gangs” who besieged mosques for street violence which the Brotherhood said has killed five of its supporters in a week.
There were ominous signs on Friday. A Health Ministry source told Reuters that at least 36 people were wounded when hundreds scuffled outside a local office of the Muslim Brotherhood.
A Reuters reporter saw about a dozen men break off from an anti-Morsi march on the seafront to throw rocks at the building's guards. They responded and bricks and bottles flew. Gunshots were also heard.
In an example of just how polarized the debate over Egypt’s future has become, Aziz and his family became embroiled in a shouting match with a nearby resident, anti-Morsi computer science student Mohamed Abdul Munim, 23, while being interviewed this week.
Amr Nabil / AP
Egyptian drivers wait outside in long lines at a gasoline station in Cairo on Tuesday.
The argument, which took place after NBC News filmed a political discussion between the two, ended when Munim stormed off.
The dispute and recent violence -- one man was shot dead and four wounded in an attack on a Muslim Brotherhood office on Thursday -- was an ill omen for Sunday’s marches that will be held a year to the day after Morsi became Egypt's first freely elected leader.
The country's powerful army, which helped protesters topple Hosni Mubarak's authoritarian regime in 2011, has reinforced its presence in cities like Cairo and Port Said.
Munim said he believed “most” of Egypt’s registered 50 million voters will be out on the streets, supporting one side or the other.
“We are sure that we will go out and get beaten up by the [Muslim] Brotherhood [but] we are going out despite this," he said. “There is no security, there is economic collapse, the electricity cuts off and everybody is suffering. They will say Morsi is not at fault, but electricity didn’t cut off when the military governed.”
Aziz, meanwhile, said his life had improved under Morsi, and accused the mostly-secular opposition of “waging a war against Islam.”
“Can you build a house in a day? No, it takes time. What can a president do in one year when a country is in ruins? The old [Mubarak] regime stole the country and left it destroyed.”
In a sign of the nervousness many felt, Egyptians were stocking up on food, fuel, water and cash in the days leading up the protests.
The Daily Show's Jon Stewart took his satire to Cairo Friday, appearing on a show hosted by the man known as "Egypt's Jon Stewart" and who has faced investigation for insulting the country's president and Islam. "If your regime is not strong enough to handle a joke then you don't have a regime," said Stewart. TODAY's Jenna Wolfe reports.
Morsi’s supporters claim the demonstration– organized by an opposition umbrella group named "Tamarod," meaning "Rebel" – is setting the stage for a repeat of the 2011 Arab Spring revolution.
Mahmoud Badr, a 28-year-old journalist and founder of the Tamarod movement, dismissed a televised speech by Morsi on Wednesday night in which the president appealed for calm.
"Our demand was early presidential elections and since that was not addressed anywhere in the speech then our response will be on the streets on [Sunday]," he told the English-language Egypt Independent news site.
The U.S. Embassy announced Tuesday it would be closing its doors for the day of the demonstrations, but added that “potentially violent protest activity may occur before June 30,” and urged U.S. citizens to “maintain a low profile” from Friday onwards.
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Underscoring fears of violence, defenders of Morsi on Tuesday revealed plans to form vigilante groups to protect public buildings from opposition demonstrations, the Egypt Independent reported, quoting Safwat Abdel Ghany, a member of Islamic umbrella organization Jama'a al-Islamiya.
“If chaos sweeps across the country, Islamist groups will secure state institutions and vital facilities against robbery by thugs and advocates of violence," he was quoted as saying.
Members of Tamarod were so confident that they would force Morsi from power that the organization set out a constitutional “road map” that it said would take Egypt forward without a president until new elections.
Eric Trager, fellow at the Washington Institute think tank, said this week that battle lines were drawn between “an enraged opposition” and “an utterly incapable, confrontational ruling party that now counts some of Egypt's most violent political elements as its core supporters.”
“Rising food prices, hours-long fuel lines, and multiple-times-daily electricity cuts -- all worsening amidst a typically scorching Egyptian summer -- have set many Egyptians on edge, with clashes between Brotherhood and anti-Brotherhood activists now a common feature of Egyptian political life," he said.
“Whatever happens on [Sunday], it can't end well,” he added.
Reuters contributed to this report.
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http://worldnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/06/28/19169157-egyptian-clerics-warn-of-civil-war-ahead-of-mass-protests?lite&ocid=msnhp&pos=1
