Response from Josephine Conolly-Schoonen, MS, RD
Has over ten years of experience in Nutritrion, Dietetics, and Nutrition Education. She holds a faculty position in the Department of Family Medicine in the School of Medicine at the State University of New York-Stony Brook and has extensive experience as a national spokeswoman for the American Dietetic Association.
A sedentary person, a marathoner, and a body builder of the same weight most certainly have different protein needs. Protein requirements depend upon factors including body weight, body composition, rate of growth, physical activity level, type of physical activity, adequacy of energy and carbohydrate intake, and illness or injury. Research clearly indicates that protein needs for athletes are greater than the recommended 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight recommended for sedentary people.
Endurance exercise alters protein metabolism and increases amino acid oxidation leading to increased protein needs. The increase in need is dependent upon the intensity and duration of the exercise, with higher intensity and longer bouts of exercise associated with increased protein needs. Research supports a range in protein needs from 1.2 to 1.4 grams of protein per kilogram body weight for endurance athletes such as marathoners.[1,2]
Individuals such as body builders, who are using resistance training to increase muscle mass, require a protein intake greater than that recommended for sedentary people. The protein needs for athletes trying to increase their muscle mass range from 1.4 to 1.8 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight. This increased need for protein, however, is much less than what most of these athletes assume it to be. In addition, these increased needs are easily met through traditional food sources.
References
1. Carroll C. Protein and exercise. In: Rosenbloom C, ed. Sports Nutrition: A Guide for the Professional Working with Active People. 3rd ed. Chicago: The American Dietetic Association; 2000.
2. Lemon P. Is increased dietary protein necessary or beneficial for individuals with a physically active lifestyle? Nutrition Reviews. 1996;54:S169-S175.
3. Kleiner S. Bodybuilding. In: Rosenbloom C, ed. Sports Nutrition: A Guide for the Professional Working with Active People. 3rd ed. Chicago: The American Dietetic Association; 2000.
4. Chandler R, Byrne H, Patterson J, Ivy J. Dietary supplements affect the anabolic hormones after weight training exercise. J Appl Physiol. 1994;76:839-845.
5. Beals K, Manore M. Nutritional status of female athletes with subclinical eating disorders. J Am Diet Assoc. 1998;98:419-425.
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