It doesn't matter what can be argued or proven, it matters what they know about you in terms of profiling
I don't care about that.
A WAN IP address cannot prove that a specific person performed online activity. At best, it identifies an internet connection, not a human being.
IP attribution is circumstantial evidence only. Courts have repeatedly acknowledged this — an IP is not like DNA, and even stronger identifiers (fingerprints, biometrics, device IDs) can be spoofed or misattributed. That’s why cases relying solely on IP evidence are often dismissed.
Multiple scenarios break IP = person:
Shared households, guests, employees
Compromised routers or networks
Malware or unauthorized devices
ISP reassignment / CGNAT
Unknown third-party use of the connection
Even if activity genuinely originates from a subscriber’s WAN IP, investigators still must prove who generated it, using corroborating evidence (devices, accounts, payments, physical presence). Without that, the conclusion is simply “unknown actor on this network,” not guilt.
IP addresses are leads — not identity, not intent, and not proof.
