Trained with Makkawy for Olympia assaults 83 and 84, and Gladys Portuguese for her Olympia in Montreal. Vince designed all workouts. Makkawy NEVER professed to be clean during his pro career, topic rarely came up as just assumed use like todays pros. Makkawy was animal and irritable on steak and water extended periods....liked to launch benches across gym when equip screwed up....LOL....His lower back was in rough shape from years Olympic lifting in Egypt as a young man and cursed he couldnt do squats/barbell rows traditionally...we always had to improvise....sissy squats (Vince favorite and bench rows)...remember early 80's and not wide array of equip we find today...