To put this another way if testosterone is THE end all be all of human growth then how can a 100% natural avg (non training) man naturally grow to 6ft tall, 250lbs @ 15% bodyfat? Ever since Dr John Bosley Ziegler & CIBA laboratories briefly experimented (then discontinued the research @ York due to the total lack of results) due to what I conclude as the psychological/emotional (confidence primarily) & ultimately placebo effect of various synthetic versions (each attempting to emphasize the anabolic properties more than the androgenic) is the only reason why this total insanity continues. I won't deny in some people that steroids very, very briefly (until the body lowers its own endogenous hormone production which happens fairly quickly) in a sporting competition will give a slight edge (e.g., a kilogram in weightlifting, a .5 sec in a timed event). I believe ^ that same edge could be accomplished via other non-medical means such as hypnotherapy, meditation & ultimately superior coaching. I am absolutely convinced that in regards to something as totally stupid as a bodybuilding competition synthetic versions of testosterone will in no legitimate medical physiological process enhance or increase protein synthesis in a long-term setting. Again, briefly positively raising the intracellular nitrogen balance will not necessarily increase the degree/amount of anabolism which results as a result of strength training.